Introduction
If U’ve spent any time around welding shops or construction sites, U’ve probably heard about the 7018 welding rods. Known for their strength, versatility, and reliability, these rods are among the most commonly used electrodes in Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). But what exactly makes them special, and what are 7018 welding rods used for?
In this guide, U’ll learn everything about 7018 electrodes—their composition, properties, ideal applications, and how they compare to other types of welding rods. Whether U are a professional welder or a beginner, understanding this electrode can greatly improve your weld quality.
1. What Does “7018” Mean?
The “7018” in 7018 welding rod isn’t random. It’s a classification given by the American Welding Society (AWS). Each digit tells U something about the electrode’s properties:
- 70 = The minimum tensile strength of the weld metal is 70,000 psi.
- 1 = The rod can be used in all positions—flat, horizontal, vertical, or overhead.
- 8 = The type of flux coating and the current compatibility (low-hydrogen coating, usable with both AC and DC currents).
So, a 7018 electrode is a low-hydrogen rod capable of producing strong, ductile welds in all positions. It’s designed for structural integrity and resistance to cracking—key qualities in heavy fabrication.
2. Composition and Features of 7018 Welding Rods
The core of a 7018 rod is mild steel, covered with a low-hydrogen potassium-based flux coating. This coating provides multiple benefits:
- Low hydrogen levels reduce the risk of cracking.
- Smooth and stable arc ensures consistent welds.
- Slag coverage protects the molten metal from atmospheric contamination.
- Easy slag removal after welding, resulting in a clean finish.
Because of its low-hydrogen nature, the 7018 welding rod must be kept dry and stored in a rod oven at around 250°F–300°F (120°C–150°C) to prevent moisture absorption.
3. What Are 7018 Welding Rods Used For?
The 7018 rod is famous for its versatility and strength. It’s used in applications requiring high-quality welds, especially where safety and durability matter. Below are its main uses:
a. Structural Welding
The 7018 is widely used in construction and infrastructure projects—bridges, high-rise buildings, and steel frameworks. Its high tensile strength and crack resistance make it ideal for load-bearing joints.
b. Pipeline and Pressure Vessels
Because it produces smooth, defect-free welds, the 7018 electrode is preferred for pipe welding, tanks, and boilers where pressure resistance is critical.
c. Heavy Equipment Manufacturing
The 7018 is used for welding bulldozers, cranes, tractors, and other heavy machinery that endure constant stress and vibration.
d. Shipbuilding and Marine Structures
Due to its durability and ability to create watertight welds, the 7018 rod is common in ship hulls, offshore platforms, and marine repair work.
e. Repair and Maintenance
Many welders keep 7018 rods for repairing cracked or worn-out steel parts. The smooth arc and low spatter make it perfect for precise, strong repairs.
4. Advantages of Using 7018 Welding Rods
Using 7018 electrodes offers several advantages that explain their global popularity:
- High tensile strength (70,000+ psi) ensures durable welds.
- All-position capability offers flexibility in complex welding environments.
- Smooth bead appearance with minimal spatter and slag.
- Excellent mechanical properties, including ductility and impact resistance.
- Low hydrogen coating reduces cracking and porosity.
When handled properly, 7018 rods create welds that can last decades under extreme conditions.
5. How to Use 7018 Welding Rods Effectively
To get the best results with 7018 rods, follow these tips:
- Clean the base metal before welding to remove oil, rust, or paint.
- Store rods in a dry oven to prevent hydrogen pickup.
- Maintain proper amperage (typically between 100–160 amps depending on diameter).
- Keep a short arc length for better control and smoother bead.
- Chip off slag between passes for multi-layer welds.
If the rods get moist, re-bake them according to the manufacturer’s guidelines (usually at 500°F–600°F for one hour).
6. Common Problems and Fixes
Even though 7018 welding rods are reliable, improper use can cause issues like:
- Porosity: Caused by moisture in the rod. Store properly to prevent this.
- Arc instability: May occur if current settings are too low. Adjust amperage accordingly.
- Slag inclusion: Avoid dragging the rod too quickly; maintain proper travel speed.
By managing these issues, U can achieve professional-grade results with consistent weld quality.
7. Comparison: 7018 vs. Other Welding Rods
| Rod Type | Tensile Strength (PSI) | Polarity | Usage | Key Feature |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6010 | 60,000 | DC+ | Deep penetration, root passes | Fast-freeze rod |
| 6011 | 60,000 | AC/DC+ | Works on dirty/rusty metals | Easy strike arc |
| 6013 | 60,000 | AC/DC | Light fabrication, thin metals | Smooth bead |
| 7018 | 70,000 | AC/DC+ | Structural, heavy-duty welds | Low hydrogen, strong welds |
This comparison shows that while 6010 or 6011 rods are more forgiving on dirty metal, 7018 electrodes dominate when strength and reliability matter most.
8. Safety Tips When Using 7018 Electrodes
Safety should never be ignored. Follow these best practices:
- Wear protective gloves, helmet, and clothing.
- Ensure proper ventilation to avoid inhaling fumes.
- Keep dry storage for electrodes to prevent hydrogen cracking.
- Inspect your welding cables and holders regularly.
Good preparation ensures safety and weld quality at the same time.
9. Storage and Handling of 7018 Welding Rods
7018 rods absorb moisture easily, which affects weld quality. Always:
- Store rods in a dry, heated oven.
- Keep open packages sealed after use.
- Rebake if they’ve been exposed to air too long.
Moisture leads to hydrogen-induced cracking, one of the most common welding defects in structural work.
10. Why Professionals Trust 7018 Welding Rods
Professionals across industries rely on 7018 electrodes because they produce consistent, high-quality welds. From bridges to oil pipelines, they offer reliability that other rods can’t always match.
Their smooth operation, low spatter, and strong bond make them a favorite among experienced welders worldwide.
Conclusion
So, what are 7018 welding rods used for? In short: everything that demands strength, precision, and durability. From structural welding to heavy equipment repairs, these rods deliver performance and reliability that stand the test of time.
When used correctly, 7018 electrodes provide clean, professional welds that keep industries running safely and efficiently. For any serious welder, they are not just tools—they are the gold standard of quality welding.